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很多考生之所以被长难句折磨得焦头烂额,很大程度上是因为长难句的复杂结构让他们完全搞不清楚,分不清句子属于哪种从句,所以翻译起来也是驴唇不对马嘴,其实很多从句都会有相对应的连接词,只要把那些连接词牢牢记住,对于分析长难句结构就算成功了一半,下面老师就帮你把这些连接词总结一下,快点收藏吧。
1.名词性从句
关系代词 what, who, whom, which
关系连词 that, when, where, how
2.形容词从句
关系代词 that, who, whom, whose, which, as
关系连词 where, when, why, how
3.副词性从句
状语从句类型
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常用连接词
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特殊连接词
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时间状语从句
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when, while, as, before, since, till, until, as soon as
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1.一些时间名词:the moment, the instant, the minute, the day, next time, every time
2.一些副词:instantly, immediately, directly
3.固定搭配的连词:no sooner…than, hardly…when, scarcely…when
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地点状语从句
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where
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wherever, anywhere, everywhere
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原因状语从句
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because, as, for, since
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seeing that, considering that, now that, given that, in that, in as much as, in so much as
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目的状语从句
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so that, in order that, that
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lest, for fear that, in case, in the hope that, on purpose that, for the purpose that, to the end that
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结果状语从句
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so…that, so that, such…that
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such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, to such an extent that
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条件状语从句
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if, unless
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suppose, supposing, providing, provided(特别关注:supposed, provide不用作条件从句的连词),on condition that, so long as, as long as
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状语从句类型
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常用连接词
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特殊连接词
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让步状语从句
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although, though, even though, even if
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while(一般用在句首),as(用于倒装结构),whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whenever, wherever, whether…or…, as+ adj.+ as +主谓结构(用在句首)
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比较状语从句
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as, than
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the more…the more…; just as…so…; A is to B what/as C is to D; no more…than; not A so much as B/not so much A as B
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方式状语从句
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as, the way
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附:
1.主从复合句的分类
名词性从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
形容词性从句:定语从句
副词性从句:状语从句
2.主从复合句中的主句专一原则
(1)一个句子中只能有一个主句,主句中没有连接词;
(2)一个句子中有n个分句,则只有n-1个连接词(并列连词除外)。
例证:在过去的英语学习中我们知道:because和so不能连用,although和but不能连用,就是由于在一个句子中如果只有两个分句,却同时使用了because和so的话就违背了主句专一原则。比如:Although I love you, but I can’t marry you.这个句子中只有两个分句,但是有两个连接词,就没有主句了。
长难句虽难,但不过是由简单句演化而来,只要大家能够顺利理解几种常用的语法结构,并将整个长难句按照方法来抽丝剥茧,那么与长难句相关的阅读、翻译等难题就不在话下啦。
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